p1

editions: 1916, archive 1917, ditto, 1918 1921 1922, archive, ditto, ditto 1928 html?
audio: librivox1 librivox2 soundcloud
annotated: genius
notes: gifford kershner spark shmoop gradesaver jjon barger


Et ignotas animum dimittit in artes.
Ovid, Metamorphoses, VIII, 188

'and applies his mind to unknown arts' [parallel]
describing Daedalus

"dimittit" = he sends away (cf? 'turn off your mind relax and float downstream')

(when would Joyce have transitioned from expurgated Jesuit Ovid to the full originals?)



CHAPTER I

(Ovid quote precedes chapter 1)


Once upon a time and a very good time it was there was a moocow coming down along the road and this moocow that was coming down along the road met a nicens little boy named baby tuckoo....

Simon Dedalus is being quoted without the conventional punctuation

babytalk as TVtrope

John Joyce confirms this version: (31Jan31) 'I wonder do you recollect the old days in Brighton Square, when you were Babie Tuckoo, and I used to take you out in the Square and tell you all about the moo-cow that used to come down from the mountain and take little boys across?' (Letters 3) the Joyces lived at Brighton square [map] from autumn 1882 to spring 1884 (was there a visible mountain? 'across' what???)
born in 1849, he would have been 33-34yo, James was his 1st surviving child (miscarriages in 1881 and 1883?)

tuckoo may echo cuckoo or illegitimate child (plus tuck-into-bed?)

cf sympathetic portrayal U211: "Father Conmee stopped three little schoolboys at the corner of Mountjoy square. Yes: they were from Belvedere. The little house: Aha. And were they good boys at school? O. That was very good now. And what was his name? Jack Sohan. And his name? Ger. Gallaher. And the other little man? His name was Brunny Lynam. O, that was a very nice name to have."


His father told him that story: his father looked at him through a glass: he had a hairy face.

"glass" = monocle, recently adopted by JSJ as a sort of dramatic prop

moustache only
cf fw260 of HCE: "With his broad and hairy face, to Ireland a disgrace."


He was baby tuckoo. The moocow came down the road where Betty Byrne lived: she sold lemon platt.

little Stephen imagines a particular road though the story wasn't specific

downtown Bray c1900

maybe Esther Byrne, grocer at 46 Main street in Bray; the Joyces had moved to 1 Martello terrace (named after a Martello tower across the street in Bray like the one in Sandycove where Ulysses opens) [1909 map]

30yo in 1901 or 45 in 1911?

maybe the same as 'yellowman'?

or maybe "platt" derives from 'plaited'? [eg]

O, the wild rose blossoms
On the little green place.

actually: 'Now the wild rose blossoms/ O'er her little green grave'

Lilly Dale [sheetmusic]


He sang that song. That was his song.

territorial
(novelists convey character by things like each person's song)

"He was baby tuckoo... That was his song" (identity forming)



O, the green wothe botheth.

lisping and confusing words (who is noticing this? older SD? 'objective' observer?)


When you wet the bed first it is warm then it gets cold. His mother put on the oilsheet. That had the queer smell.

cf fw21: "Tristopher and Hilary... were kickaheeling their dummy on the oilcloth flure"

"the" queer smell


His mother had a nicer smell than his father. She

(JSJ was careful in his grooming and probably used an appropriate masculine scent)
'nice' scents are feminine



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p2

editions: 1916, archive 1917, ditto, 1918 1921 1922, archive, ditto, ditto 1928 html?
audio: librivox1 librivox2
annotated: genius
notes: gifford kershner spark shmoop gradesaver jjon


[last]


played on the piano the sailor's hornpipe for him to dance. He danced:




Tralala lala
Tralala tralaladdy
Tralala lala
Tralala lala.

[Irish hornpipe dance]


Uncle Charles and Dante clapped. They were older than his father and mother but uncle Charles was older than Dante.

James' father's mother's brother, William O'Connell lived with the Joyces for ten years until his death in 1892 around age 70 [more]

Mrs. 'Dante' (ie, aunty) Hearn Conway was an heiress from Cork, ex-nun in the USA, husband disappeared with her fortune, joined Joyce family, reappears in Ulysses

c1822? William O'Connell
c1840? Mrs Hearn Conway ('Dante')
1849: 04Jul (Wed): John Stanislaus Joyce
1859: 15May (Sun): Mary Jane 'May' Murray


Dante had two brushes in her press. The brush with the maroon velvet back was for Michael Davitt and the brush with the green velvet back was for Parnell.

press

'leaders of Ireland' = Parnell (top), John Dillon and Davitt

Davitt founded the Land League [wiki]


Dante gave him a cachou every time he brought her a piece of tissue paper.

a breath sweetener, not a cashew nut

(Joyce's brother claims this embarrassed her, so maybe the tissues were for her to use as toilet paper?)


The Vances lived in number seven. They had a different father and mother. They were Eileen's father and mother.

59yo widower in 1901?

When they were grown up he was going to marry Eileen.

the Vances were Church of Ireland/ Protestant, so this was naive

she seems to be missing from the 1901 and 1911 censuses: had she married (a Harris, per Ellmann) and left the country already by 1901?


He hid under the table. His mother said:
— O, Stephen will apologise.

longshot: Dante didn't like him playing with Eileen


Dante said:
— O, if not, the eagles will come and pull out his eyes.

she uses rhyme to make it memorable for him


Pull out his eyes,
Apologise,
Apologise,
Pull out his eyes.

Apologise,
Pull out his eyes,
Pull out his eyes,
Apologise.


he's already experimenting with rhyme and rhythm

an earlier, probably truer version without Dante appears in his Epiphanies:

"Bray: in the parlour of the house in Martello Terrace.
Mr Vance (comes in with a stick): “…O, you know, he’ll have to apologise, Mrs Joyce.”
Mrs Joyce: “O yes… Do you hear that, Jim?”
Mr Vance: “Or else– if he doesn’t the eagles’ll come and pull out his eyes.”
Mrs Joyce: “O, but I’m sure he will apologise.”
Joyce (under the table, to himself):
“Pull out his eyes,
Apologise,
Apologise,
Pull out his eyes.

Apologise,
Pull out his eyes,
Pull out his eyes,
Apologise."

1904 Portrait: "Use of reason is by popular judgment antedated by some seven years and so it is not easy to set down the exact age at which the natural sensibility of the subject of this portrait awoke to the ideas of eternal damnation, the necessity of penitence and the efficacy of prayer.His training had early developed a very lively sense of spiritual obligations at the expense of what is called 'common sense.'"


* * *

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p3

editions: 1916, archive 1917, ditto, 1918 1921 1922, archive, ditto, ditto 1928 html?
audio: librivox1 librivox2
annotated: genius
notes: gifford kershner spark shmoop gradesaver jjon

The wide playgrounds were swarming with boys. All were shouting and the prefects urged them on with strong cries.

about 300 students total

"prefects" = teachers with authority over a class

'Contrary to common belief the football game played here is not Rugby, but ‘Gravel’ football, which was organised long before any other game in Clongowes and seems to have been introduced from the Jesuit College at Stonyhurst, England soon after Clongowes was founded in 1814. It was the dominant game at Clongowes for most of the 19th century and unique to the school.' [more]


The evening air was pale and chilly and after every charge and thud of the footballers the greasy leather orb flew like a heavy bird through the grey light.

He kept on the fringe of his line, out of sight of his prefect, out of the reach of the rude feet, feigning to run now and then.

3 'lines' = Higher Line 15-18yo, Lower Line 13-15, Third Line 9-13 (SD is 6 or 7)


He felt his body small and weak amid the throng of players and his eyes were weak and watery.

Rody Kickham was not like that: he would be captain of the third line all the fellows said.

in 1901 (and still in 1911) a brewer's clerk living with his mom


Rody Kickham was a decent fellow but Nasty Roche was a stink.

George Reddington Roche would have been Higher Line
41yo priest-professor at Clongowes in 1911?!?

or 28yo clerk in 1901??

Rody Kickham had greaves in his number and a hamper in the refectory.

leather shinguards

a private supply of treats in the dining hall (spoiled rich kid)

the Clongowes refectory and study hall were rebuilt in 1887 after an 1886 fire. In the ‘new’ study hall the two windows in the eastern wall were replaced by a very large single window decorated by stained glass panels.


Nasty Roche had big hands. He called the Friday pudding dog-in-the-blanket. And one day he had asked:
— What is your name?

if Roche was 12 years older than Joyce, these questions could have been simple curiosity about the youngest-ever student

perhaps a meat pudding with pastry crust? maybe intended as a special treat, so Roche is being ungrateful?

Stephen had answered:
— Stephen Dedalus.

Stanislaus claims that in 1907 Joyce intended to rename the Dedaluses 'Daly'

in his pre-1904 notes for "Stephen Hero" Joyce listed the family names as:
"Mary Daedalus
Simon Daedalus
Stephen Daedalus
Maurice Daedalus
Isabel Daedalus" [cite]

in his 1904 short stories he used Stephen Daedalus as his penname


— What kind of a name is that?

(he wouldn't have asked this about 'Joyce")

cf U4 Mulligan: "—The mockery of it! he said gaily. Your absurd name, an ancient Greek! "


And when Stephen had not been able to answer Nasty had asked:
— What is your father?



Stephen had answered:
— A gentleman.

Simon probably foresaw such a question and suggested this safe reply


Then Nasty Roche had asked:
— Is he a magistrate?

maybe he's curious why such a young boy was specially admitted?


He crept about from point to point on the fringe of his line, making little runs now and then.

cf above, close paraphrase (to jump us back into the 'present'): "He kept on the fringe of his line... feigning to run now and then."


But his hands were bluish with cold. He kept his hands in the sidepockets of his belted grey suit.

That was a belt round his pocket. And belt was also to give a fellow a belt. One day a fellow had said to Cantwell:

why would the belt go around the pocket?

24yo carpenter in 1901?

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Clongowes Wood College in Joyce's Portrait

the buildings in 1888: castle, infirmary, 3rd line
chapel?
study hall and refectory = dining-hall
upper line and lower line galleries?

1913?

[wiki]
[website]

studyhall/refectory block 1820?

1842

from northwest

very useful 6min drone video

castle?

google earth

[streetview now]

 the Eustace family who built a castle there in 1450 [cite]

In 1718 Stephen Fitzwilliam Browne rebuilt the castle completing the western façade (front) just as it is today, comprising the central keep and the two square towers. In 1788 Thomas Wogan Browne extended and decorated the castle. The extension consists of the eastern façade and two round towers at the back of the castle all built in the Georgian style.

Ellmann: "Hamilton Rowan, a patriot and friend of Wolfe Tone, fled to the castle after his conviction in 1794 for sedition. He shut its door just as the soldiers were shooting, so that their bullets entered the door, then he threw his hat on the haha as a decoy, and let himself through a secret door into a tower room. His pursuers were fooled, thinking he had left, and he was able afterwards to make good his escape to France."

1886: Tullabeg merged with Clongowes

'To improve the ‘new’ Clongowes performances in the recently introduced Intermediate Examinations Fr James Daly was appointed Prefect of Studies in 1887. The Intermediate system was basically a system of payment to schools by results. To all intents and purposes it was a ‘league table’ system of education and was the Government’s way of providing funds to Catholic schools. Fr Daly embraced and worked the system to perfection and Clongowes became outstandingly successful, producing some of the best examination results in Ireland for many years. But this success was achieved at great cost. Fr Daly’s regime was a very harsh one with an over-emphasis on discipline, driven by a liberal use of the pandybat (a leather strap used for corporal punishment). This austerity is graphically illustrated by James Joyce in A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man where Fr Daly appears under the pseudonym, Fr Dolan and punishes Stephen unfairly.' [more]

chapel now

1872 saw the construction of the Infirmary, which is a tall freestanding limestone building with large windows to ensure adequate ventilation

In 1874 Fr Carbery built the Third Line Building for younger students. Still called ‘The Carbery Building’ by some it is a large three-storey structure with high ceilings and three rows of very large windows. The ground floor then consisted of a study hall, a recreation area and a toilet block, while dormitories occupied the second and third storeys. [cite]

so SD should be sleeping on the 2nd or 3rd floor of this new building.

p4

editions: 1916, archive 1917, ditto, 1918 1921 1922, archive, ditto, ditto 1928 html?
audio: librivox1 librivox2
annotated: genius
notes: gifford kershner spark shmoop gradesaver jjon barger



— I'd give you such a belt in a second.



Cantwell had answered:
— Go and fight your match. Give Cecil Thunder a belt. I'd like to see you.


22yo (w/Irish Land Commission) in 1901


He'd give you a toe in the rump for yourself.
That was not a nice expression.

an 1873 translation of Aristophanes offers 'And I will kick your rump instead of a foot-ball.' but such phrases mostly didn't appear in print


His mother had told him not to speak with the rough boys in the college. Nice mother!

could she have believed this advice would be practical? maybe she was referring to the recent merger with Tullabeg?

cf U5: "—The aunt thinks you killed your mother, he said. That's why she won't let me have anything to do with you." (Mulligans vs Dedaluses)
and U86: "—I won't have her bastard of a nephew ruin my son." (Dedaluses vs Mulligans)

"Nice mother!" seems very babyish


The first day in the hall of the castle when she had said goodbye she had put up her veil double to her nose to kiss him: and her nose and eyes were red. But he had pretended not to see that she was going to cry.

i can't find a good pic-- victorian veils are all bridal or funereal and never up-doubled for kissing

most of the women wearing veils in Ulysses are hallucinations in Circe:
U148: "Molly tasting it, her veil up."
U354: "Why that high class whore in Jammet's wore her veil only to her nose."
U426: "MRS BREEN (In smart Saxe tailormade, white velours hat and spider veil.)"
U432: "MARTHA (Thickveiled, a crimson halter round her neck... Sobbing behind her veil.)"
U539: "(Stephen's mother, emaciated, rises stark through the floor in leper grey with a wreath of faded orange blossoms and a torn bridal veil..."
U694: "I know plenty of ways ask him to tuck down the collar of my blouse or touch him with my veil and gloves on going out"


She was a nice mother but she was not so nice when she cried.

her expression of love was unwelcome in front of the other boys?


And his father had given him two fiveshilling pieces for pocket money.

aka 'crowns' absurdly large, 39mm = 1.54 inches
equal to about $30 each today


And his father had told him if he wanted anything to write home to him and, whatever he did, never to peach on a fellow.



Then at the door of the castle the rector had shaken hands with his father and mother, his soutane fluttering in the breeze,

Reverend John S. Conmee, SJ

and the car had driven off with his father and mother on it. They had cried to him from the car, waving their hands:
— Goodbye, Stephen, goodbye!
— Goodbye, Stephen, goodbye!

identical words spoken separately by each

this must have been terrifying to him


now this flashback ends:

He was caught in the whirl of a scrimmage and, fearful of the flashing eyes and muddy boots, bent down to look through the legs.

looking for the ball?


The fellows were struggling and groaning and their legs were rubbing and kicking and stamping.

even this "rubbing" scares him?


Then Jack Lawton's yellow boots dodged out the ball and all the other boots and legs ran after.

30yo physician in Cork in 1911,
20yo Cork med student in 1901

probably yellowish leather boots not bright yellow modern rubber boots


He ran after them a little way and then stopped. It was useless to run on.

obviously useless to his team, so probably here even for impressing the others


Soon they would be going home for the holidays. After supper in the studyhall he would

"Soon" is wishful thinking-- he's only one month in, with 2.5 more to go (see below)

"holidays" = xmas and new years (Clongowes now also has breaks for Halloween and ?Thanksgiving)




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p5

 

editions: 1916, archive 1917, ditto, 1918 1921 1922, archive, ditto, ditto 1928 html?
audio: librivox1 librivox2
annotated: genius
notes: gifford kershner spark shmoop gradesaver jjon barger

[last]



change the number pasted up inside his desk from seventyseven to seventysix.

76 days to go is still 2.5 months

if Stephen started at Clongowes on 1 Sept 1888, and Xmas holidays were to start on 20 December, this might suggest a date of Thursday 4 Oct 1888 [calendar]


It would be better to be in the studyhall than out there in the cold.

'Gas was introduced into the College in 1861 and because of the better quality of the gaslight; study time was extended later into the evening.'


The sky was pale and cold but there were lights in the castle. He wondered from which window Hamilton Rowan had thrown his hat on the haha and had there been flowerbeds at that time under the windows.

haha

One day when he had been called to the castle the butler had shown him the marks of the soldiers' slugs in the wood of the door and had given him a piece of shortbread that the community ate.



It was nice and warm to see the lights in the castle. It was like something in a book. Perhaps Leicester Abbey was like that.



And there were nice sentences in Doctor Cornwell's Spelling Book. They were like poetry but they were only sentences to learn the spelling from.

[ebook]


Wolsey died in Leicester Abbey
Where the abbots buried him.
Canker is a disease of plants,
Cancer one of animals.

'Wolsey died at Leicester Abbey, where the abbot buried him.' [ebook]
'Canker is a disease of plants, cancer one of animals.' [ebook]


It would be nice to lie on the hearthrug before the fire, leaning his head upon his hands, and think on those sentences.

homesick


He shivered as if he had cold slimy water next his skin. That was mean of Wells to shoulder him into the square ditch because he would not swop his little snuff box for Wells's seasoned hacking chestnut, the conqueror of forty.

probably not sewage
ditch by the square?

maybe 1901 engineer? (the name is usually Protestant)
a "Wells" reappears in Stephen Hero's ch18: "Stephen was... very much surprised one evening as he was walking past the Christian Brothers' School in North Richmond St to feel his arm seized from behind and to hear a voice say somewhat blatantly:
  --Hello, Daedalus, old man, is that you?
  Stephen turned round and saw a tall young man with many eruptions on his face dressed completely in heavy black. He stared for a few moments, trying to recall the face.
  --Don't you remember me? I knew you at once.
  --O, yes now I do, said Stephen. But you've changed.
  --Think so?
  --I wouldn't know you . . . Are you . . . in mourning?
  Wells laughed.
  --By Jove, that's a good one. Evidently a you don't know your Church when you see it..." [full etext]

hacking chestnuts [3min vid]


How cold and slimy the water had been! A fellow had once seen a big rat jump into the scum.



Mother was sitting at the fire with Dante waiting for Brigid to bring in the tea. She had her feet on the fender and her jewelly slippers were so hot and they had

"Stephen Hero" mentions a "Nurse Sarah" in Bray.

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